Water is the origin of the planet.
It represents a large proportion of the composition of the planet. It covers about 71% of the Earth’s surface. The seas and oceans represent 96.5% of the Earth’s surface area. The remainder is accumulated in the form of groundwater and ice in the southern and northern poles. Freshwater is only about 2.5% of the water on the surface of the globe.
Water has contributed to the emergence of many civilizations throughout history. More recently, according to UN statistics, about 2.5 billion people have no access to drinking water and life, and about one billion people do not have access to a safe source of water.
Water Industry Concept.
This concept is the connection between drinking water and sanitation services, including the treatment of sewage to homes by various means. The safety principle in this industry must be achieved by means of water filters using water filters, which are usually sand, followed by water sterilization to dispose of degraded and microbial substances using water chlorination or other methods. Water can also be treated using seawater desalination. And stored in water towers and reservoirs, and then supplied through networks of water pipes.
Basic uses of water.
– Household uses. – Uses of Agricultural. – Uses of the industry. – Uses of trade and transport. – Firefighting uses. – Scientific Uses. – Entertainment Uses.
Water crisis.
Water is an important strategic resource for all countries of the world and is the cause of many political conflicts. About 50 countries, or one-third of the world’s population, suffer from severe water shortages, of which 17 countries consume more water each year than they did during the natural cycle. Water is an important strategic source for all countries of the world without exception and is far-reaching and is now a major cause of many conflicts and political conflicts. There are several international conventions on water, such as the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, the Marbol Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships and the Ramsar Convention on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Wetlands. In addition, there are a number of non-governmental organizations such as the International Water Management Institute.
Water Pollution.
Water pollution and quality reduction have severe adverse effects on humans and on the environment in general. According to World Health Organization statistics, about 1.4 million children die every year from water pollution.
Water in terms of validity is divided into the following:
1) Drinking water.
Water that is suitable for human use in the essential uses of life. Unsafe drinking water can be diverted to drinking water through many means, including filtration, distillation and other safe means. The modified water is called or treated as safe water, and sterilized water is tested for its validity for use by chemical analyzes and private laboratories.
2) Water is not suitable for drinking.
Divided into two types: –
- The first is called gray water, which is produced after human consumption and can be treated relatively easily.
- The second is called black water, which is produced from wastewater and can be treated with difficulty because it requires comprehensive treatment.
The most important cities that use seawater without treatment are the city of Hong Kong, in order to rinse toilets in homes and public facilities and any use of cleaning away from personal use. Here we find that names vary according to the standards of each country according to their laws and use. In the absence of supervision of this treatment, there are many environmental problems affecting the individual and industrial level, and this is happening in many developing countries. A World Health Organization report released in 2002 shows that about 90% of the wastewater in developing countries has been left untreated and flowing into running rivers or left in groundwater and contaminated. Providing clean water easily is considered the main core of life in any society. As a result of poor economic programs and fragile infrastructure, millions of people die every year- mainly children- because of diseases related to the lack of water supply and sewage services as well as hygiene. Furthermore, scarcity of water, as well as its poor quality and sewage failure, are considered from the factors that affect food security, livelihood choices, and educational opportunities for poor families worldwide. By 2050, it is probable that at least one out of four people will be living in a country suffering from the chronic or frequent shortage of fresh water. This is what is being discussed at “Environmental Efficiency for a Better Quality of Life” EBQL conference. Which is the first axis is Water and Sanitation Services. It contains the following:
- Increasing the efficiency of the sustainable use of water in all sectors.
- Improving water quality to reduce pollution.
- Integrated water resource management on all levels
- Wastewater treatment, recycling and safe reusing of it.
- Mechanisms for the provision of sanitation and hygiene services especially for people living in bad conditions.
- Local community participation in improving water and sanitation -management
- Capacity-building in the field of activities and programs related to water and sanitation (water collection, desalination, efficient use, wastewater treatment and recycling and reusing technologies).
- The role of GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and indicators in following up the implementation of water and sanitation plans.
For more information and registration please visit conference’s official webpage: https://www.ierek.com/events/ebql
